Info for Australian Residents / Forex Traders - ASIC changes, ability to get higher leverage, preview of new wiki and info...
Hello Aussie /forex readers! As you may be aware, the ASIC has now implemented the purposed changes to retail forex accounts in Australia. These changes significantly reduce the leverage available to Australian retail traders who trade through ASIC regulated brokers (cutting it down from 500:1 to 30:1 at best for forex major pairs.) It's not all bad news, as new ASIC regulations also enable negative balance protection by default, as well as other protections for retail clients. This is a major shift by the ASIC, and with all the new info coming out of the Australian regulator, we have used this change as a big push to get a project we've wanted to do for ages complete: Replace our Reddit WIKI with one that doesn't suck! This is a huge undertaking and involves help from multiple communities and experts.. so the new wiki isn't fully ready yet and should be considered "under construction", but to help out our Aussie readers who want to know their broker and regulatory options we are releasing a preview of the Australian Forex Regulatory and Broker Options page for your consideration. https://volatility.red/Forex_Brokers_and_Regulatory_Info_for_Australian_Residents On this page, you will find info on the current regulatory landscape in Australia, onshore and offshore broker options, and options you can consider if you really need grater than 30:1 leverage. Again, the wiki is not officially launched yet, and the rest of the site is still a work in progress, but the Aussie broker page is far along enough that we feel it could be useful to traders to give a preview of it now. Hope that helps! (We are also open to feedback, feel free to respond here or DM me with any comments you might have. If your favorite broker is not listed, don't fret, the ones listed first are based on members of our team having first hand experience with them and we plan on expanding with more info in the near future. Trust is a huge factor here.)
I dont defend this douche guy, he deserve it for being an @sshole. Tapi ada yang punya kronologi jelasnya dia sebenarnya ngapain sebagai affliator binomo? Gua cari di berita isinya di luar konteks dan isinya "diduga" dan ga jelasin kronologi urutannya sampe urusan pacarnya segala. Ada yang bilang dia sebagai affliator meraup uang loss pemainnya. Gua ga ngerti soal app binomo tapi apa itu hasil loss bisa connect ke "kantong" dia? Apa dia jadi agen perantara ketiga macam judi bola? Does binomo even legal? I mean its legal in India. Dan konsepnya nyambung ke forex kan? Gua cuman pengen tahu aja ginian, bahkan telegram grup mayoritas kalangan "investor" begitu kan disangka tempat chat teroris dulu kan dan terus disuruh uninstall. I have trust issues because massive of propraganda we are facing rn.
Biar Angka yang Bicara Nuklir itu Energi Ramah Lingkungan
Kamis, 29/09/2022 15:08:16 | 836 Tampilan “We live at a time when emotions and feelings count more than truth, and there is a vast ignorance of science” – James Lovelock Apa yang terlintas di pikiran kamu saat pertama kali mendengar kata ‘nuklir’? Kemungkinan besar salah satu dari bom atom, senjata nuklir, radiasi, berbahaya, Chernobyl, Fukushima, atau tidak ramah lingkungan. Nuklir sering kali dipandang sebelah mata dan dicap sebagai energi yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Namun, apakah data dan sains menunjukkan hal yang serupa? Simak beberapa data berikut yang mengungkap fakta bahwa nuklir adalah energi yang ramah lingkungan. Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Sektor terbesar penghasil emisi gas rumah kaca adalah energi, yang didominasi oleh pemanfaatan energi listrik. Untuk menghambat laju perubahan iklim, dunia perlu mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dengan cepat. Produksi energi dari batu bara menghasilkan sekitar 1 ton karbondioksida per megawatt jam energi yang dibangkitkan. [Keyword: Life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of energy sources] Sebagai perbandingan, tenaga nuklir menghasilkan sangat sedikit–bahkan hampir nol karbon dioksida dalam memproduksi energi. Pada tahun 2020, Amerika Serikat telah berhasil mengurangi lebih dari 471,3 juta ton emisi karbon dengan bantuan tenaga nuklir, atau setara dengan menghilangkan 100 juta mobil dari jalanan. Densitas Energi Densitas energi atau kerapatan energi adalah besar kecilnya energi yang tersimpan dalam satuan ruang atau massa dari suatu material tertentu. Semakin tinggi densitas energinya, maka semakin efisien material tersebut dalam menghasilkan energi. Bahan bakar nuklir seperti Uranium-235 memiliki densitas energi sebesar 79.390.000 MJ/kg. Sedangkan batu bara, minyak, gas alam, dan lithium memiliki densitas energi masing-masing sebesar 30 MJ/kg, 42 MJ/kg, 53,5 MJ/kg, dan 43 MJ/kg. Satu bongkah uranium (bahan bakar nuklir) seukuran bola golf dapat memenuhi kebutuhan energi seseorang untuk seumur hidup, setara dengan 56 truk tangki gas alam atau 800 kantong batu bara seukuran gajah. [Keyword: Fuel energy density] Densitas energi dari sumber energi akan berdampak pada ukuran footprint dan tingkat aktivitas penambangan. Aspek lahan akan sangat berkorelasi dengan ekologi dan lingkungan. Sementara penambangan tidak hanya berkorelasi dengan lingkungan, tapi juga relevan pada aspek keberlanjutan. Maka kedua aspek ini juga sangat penting dikaitkan dengan definisi energi ramah lingkungan. Footprint Karena densitas energinya yang tinggi dan dengan kapasitas faktor rata-rata mencapai 90%, tenaga nuklir dapat menghasilkan energi dalam jumlah besar dengan kebutuhan lahan yang kecil. Untuk menghasilkan 1.000 megawatt listrik, fasilitas energi nuklir hanya membutuhkan lahan sekitar 250 hektar. Sebagai perbandingan, untuk menghasilkan listrik dengan daya yang sama, fasilitas energi surya membutuhkan lahan 75 kali lebih besar. Sedangkan fasilitas energi angin membutuhkan lahan 360 kali lebih besar. [Keyword: Land use of energy sources per unit of electricity] Penambangan Pembangkitan energi nuklir membutuhkan material baik sebagai bahan bakar maupun bahan baku yang sangat sedikit. Lagi-lagi disebabkan oleh tingginya densitas energi dari tenaga nuklir. Ini berarti lebih sedikit aktivitas penambangan yang diperlukan. Tenaga nuklir memiliki densitas energi tertinggi di antara sumber energi lain. Satu kilogram uranium dapat menghasilkan sekitar 24.000.000 kilowatt listrik, sedangkan satu kilogram batu bara menghasilkan sekitar 8 kilowatt listrik. Bahan baku yang digunakan mayoritas adalah beton dan baja. Untuk menghasilkan 1 terawatt jam listrik, tenaga nuklir butuh sekitar 760 ton beton dan 160 ton baja. Jumlahnya relatif sangat kecil dibandingkan yang dibutuhkan oleh sumber energi lain. [Keyword: Materials throughput by type of energy sources] LimbahLast but not least, volume limbah nuklir yang dihasilkan dari pembangkitan energi nuklir sangat kecil dibandingkan limbah industri lainnya karena densitas energi yang sangat tinggi dari bahan bakar nuklir. Bahkan, limbah pemakaian listrik dari tenaga nuklir untuk seumur hidup bagi seseorang akan muat dalam sebuah kaleng soda. Meskipun limbah nuklir memancarkan radiasi, namun salah satu kelebihannya adalah bahan bakar nuklir bekas dapat dengan mudah di daur ulang dan digunakan kembali. Sehingga dapat semakin mengurangi jumlah limbah akhirnya. Faktanya, fly ash atau abu dari pembakaran batu bara untuk pembangkitan listrik membawa radiasi ke lingkungan 100 kali lebih banyak daripada tenaga nuklir dengan menghasilkan jumlah energi yang sama. Kesimpulan Angka-angka di atas telah mengungkapkan fakta bahwa tenaga nuklir sangat ramah lingkungan. Hampir tidak mengemisikan gas rumah kaca, memiliki densitas energi sangat tinggi sehingga mengurangi penggunaan lahan, aktivitas penambangan, dan menghasilkan limbah yang sangat sedikit. Selain itu, banyak sekali kelebihan dan manfaat lain yang ditawarkan oleh tenaga nuklir. Sudah waktunya untuk kita menghapus stigma terhadap tenaga nuklir yang mayoritas merupakan mis-informasi. Terlebih, nuklir telah diakui berperan penting dalam pengembangan energi bersih dan target iklim akan sulit dicapai tanpa peran tenaga nuklir. Seperti yang dilaporkan oleh International Energy Agency (IEA) dalam dokumen berjudul Nuclear Power in a Clean Energy System yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2019 lalu. Daripada terus terjebak dalam ketakutan yang tidak berdasar untuk memanfaatkan tenaga nuklir, sebaiknya kita fokus untuk mempelajari dan meningkatkan kemampuan untuk meminimalkan potensi risiko. Sehingga tenaga nuklir dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal demi kepentingan dan kesejahteraan umat manusia. Referensi: 1. Office of Nuclear Energy. 2021. Advantages and Challenges of Nuclear Energy. [online] Available at: [Accessed 15 September 2022]. 2. Nuclear Energy Institute. 2015. Land Needs for Wind, Solar Dwarf Nuclear Plant’s Footprint. [online] Available at: [Accessed 19 September 2022]. 3. Phlegar, I., 2022. Nuclear Energy 101: What Is It—and How Could It Benefit the Planet?. [online] Brightly. Available at: [Accessed 15 September 2022]. 4. Puiu, T., 2020. Nuclear power wrongfully stigmatized. It’s essential to scrapping fossil fuel, top biologists say. [online] ZME Science. Available at: [Accessed 16 September 2022]. 5. Rode, E., 2014. Stigma against nuclear energy needs to change. [online] Daily Trojan. Available at: [Accessed 16 September 2022]. 6. Silvica: Blog for Sustainable Development. 2020. Is Nuclear Energy an Environmentally Friendly Energy Source?. [online] Available at: [Accessed 15 September 2022]. 7. Thompson, J., 2020. Nuclear power is clean – if you ignore all the waste. [online] Hcn.org. Available at: [Accessed 19 September 2022]. 8. Touran, N., n.d. Computing the energy density of nuclear fuel. [online] What is nuclear?. Available at: [Accessed 19 September 2022]
Sudah hampir 6 bulan berlalu dari postinganku terkait investasi dan bahaya fomo. https://www.reddit.com/finansial/comments/pz0cnj/apa_nasehatmu_untuk_mereka_yang_terkena_fomo/?utm_medium=android_app&utm_source=share Gimana? Udah selamatkah kalian dari binary option, robot trading, mining musiman, dan scam lainnya? 6 bulan lalu aku mencoba memberi nasihat bagi kalian yg fomo karena aku sudah melihat fase bubble by data yg terlihat beberapa bulan lalu, jauh sebelum Ukraina diserang Rusia ,kasus binomo dlll. Dan ternyata dugaanku tepat pasar crypto ambruk Februari 2022. Bagi kalian yang gak sempat membaca postinganku beberapa bulan lalu. Silahkan baca ulang di link yg aku kasih. Ini adalah nasihat lanjutan yg akan aku berikan. Mungkin ini bukan nasihat yg gimana-gimana tapi ini kemungkinan berguna. Stock investor : carilah perusahaan dengan pembukuan yg masih minus menuju plus, dengan kapitalisasi pasar yg tidak terlalu menarik tapi punya fundamental yg kuat. Syukur2 kalian perhatikan inflow big fund yg masuk karena akan berpengaruh sekali terhadap pergerakan harganya. ( Advice: jangan invest uang besar sedikit saja tapi DCA) Crypto investor : dca btc, gak ada kata lain selain itu. Invest di alt coin pada fase ini sama dengan gambling. Developer rata-rata sudah out market dan sudah convert keuntungan mereka ke bitcoin. So dca until next bullrun 2024. Miner musiman: ETH sudah mau migrasi ke ETH 2.0 jadi pilihan mining akan sangat sedikit. Kalian bisa aja mining koin lain tapi jatuhnya tetap gambling dan silahkan running mesinmu sampai 2024 kalo kuat bayar listriknya dengan potensi balik modal sedikit ( suruh siapa gak jual kemarin wkwkkwkwk) So thats my message for you. Enjoy investing, hope all of you running profit maksimal.
Changing industry without any solid background ..?
Hai temen2 reddit, Jadi rencananya tgl 30 / 31 Desember nanti, gw mau ngajuin resign, ga ada yg spesial dri tanggalnya, cuma biar nanti hari terakhirnya itu genap 6 thn gw di kantor ini. Selama 6 tahun itu gw kerja cari aman aja, karna ga punya apa2, full kerjanya cuma jadi staff admin, sempet ditawarin 3x mau ditarik jadi marketing, tapi gw selalu tolak karna gw ga bisa disuruh ngerayu2 cust biar mau beli >! (mostly because I have social anxiety, jadi takut salah ngomong) !< gw belum / ga pernah kuliah (terkendala finansial), jadi ga punya gelar apapun. Klo skill wise sih gw lumayan fasih bahasa inggris (tpi belum pernah toefl/ielts.) dan gw cukup sadar kalau gw diajarin, nangkepnya cukup cepat (pas awal masuk, cuma diajarin 1-2 hri karna emg seniornya males ngajarin anak baru terus, 1 minggu pertama masih ada salah2 minor, tapi setelahnya udah jarang salah.) Semasa sekolah, gw sempet tertarik sama IT. Setelah lulus, mental breakdown memaksa gw buat nyari tau sendiri apa yg "salah" sama diri gw sendiri aka psikologi >! (which is why I'm asking here on reddit.. karna takutnya overthinking gw ga ada basis/reason yg jelas) !< , dan terakhir gw jg tertarik buat memperdalam masak-memasak (culinary) karna nyokab emg jago masak, dan menurut gw sayang banget klo talent itu ga diterusin.. Hal2 yg jadi bahan pemikiran gw : 1. Belajar masak (mulai dari resep2 yg simpel, yg bisa dijual dgn sistem by order)
Buka toko online (untuk jual produk2 masakan nyokab, tanpa nyokab tau karna nyokab suka ganti2 sesukanya dia, ga mau tau itu makanan buat org yg ada pantangan apa engga, kalo gw udah lancar buat bikin produk2 itu, ya lanjutnya produk2 gw sendiri)
Nyari kerja WFH dari LN biar bisa tetep ada active income & tetep bisa belajar during daylight..
Belajar otodidak : coding..? dulu sempet belajar 1 bln an lewat udemy, masih ingat sih, tapi waktu itu gw berhenti karna sempet sering lembur, plg2 mandi makan tidur.
Passive income gw thn depan sekitar 60jt total (dalam 1 tahun full), belum termasuk dana yg gw pinjemin ke temen untuk bantu bayarin modal usaha dia sekitarr 16-17jt an (jual figure2 anime dll, stok nya dateng kecepetan jadinya dananya butuh cepet, makanya gw pinjemin dulu, klo tokonya jalan, maybe jadi co-join sih.), sama klo jht bisa dicairin full ada sekitar 16jt an lagi.
Belajar trading saham lagi, akhir tahun 2021 sempet masuk, pernah untung 300 ribu, tapi terpaksa gw diemin dulu sampe sekarang karna ga bisa mantengin selama jam kerja.. (gw cek berkala sih, floating loss sekitar 500rb karna nyangkut di trja, pas harganya lagi bagus gw ga tau jadinya gw lanjut diamin sampe sekarang)
rumah masih ngontrak, tinggal bareng ortu sama kakak perempuan (pengangguran). yg biayain paman (kakaknya bokap), ortu ada usaha sarang walet, tapi pendapatannya ga nentu, dan sebagian besar dipakek buat bayar utang bokap & sisanya buat keperluan sehari2. rumahnya bisa dibilang sih kurang layak untuk ditinggal ya, tapi murah jadinya tetep disini.
cari properti yg bisa KPR? niatnya untuk disewa biar bisa bantu biaya bulanannya sih.. gw ga masalah klo seandainya gw cari kontrakan sendiri yg lbh kecil (karna di kontrakan yg sekarang, fasillitasnya obviously ga memadai), isinya nanti mau prioritasin dapur & klo ada ruangan/kamar ya dipakek untuk storage. >! I don't mind sleeping on the floor tbh !<
To clarify.. Gw ga berkontribusi ke finansial keluarga mostly karna dendam pribadi sih. Dari kecil gw kayak diterlantarkan, - uang jajan yg gw tabung 100% hampir selalu diambil buat bayar kebutuhan sekolah (bokap waktu itu selalu marah2 klo dimintain uang buat bayar, dia cuma mau bayar uang bulanan dan itu jg selalu detik2 terakhir sebelum nama gw diannounce via loud speaker bareng sama murid2 lain yg nunggak pembiayaannya) - baju2 gw pas masih kecil bekas kakak gw semua, mereka baru beliin yg baru buat gw setahun sekali buat CNY, karna kakak gw waktu itu mulai tumbuhnya ke samping, gw tetep ke atas. - barang2 pribadi gw dulu banyak yg dirusak sama kakak gw karna dia emosian (mau dia yg salah apa engga), ga digantiin. - hp & laptop gw beli sendiri. pas kakak gw kuliah, hp samsung dia ilang 1 bln setelah dibeliin, gw dipaksa buat beli baru biar hp lama gw dikasih ke dia. - dari 3 bersaudara, gw yg paling bontot dan satu-satunya yg ga dibiayain sampe kuliah wkwk [Sekedar info, gw 24F, domisili di jkt.] tldr : I need advice on changing career (different industry) because I have no solid education & financial background. Thank you guys
tldr; 11 tahun lebih berlalu, gw masi dihantui sama angan2 belajar teknik nuklir dan bertanya2 gmn hidup gw sekarang seandainya beneran jadi nuclear scientist. Tahun 2011 gw dapet kesempatan utk ikut seleksi PTN tanpa tes (lupa namanya apa, yg cuma kasi liat raport dari kelas 1-3 SMA), pokoknya bisa pilih 3 jurusan, bebas mau PTN manapun. Gw jurusan IPA, dan menjelang akhir SMA itu inget banget lagi excited utk belajar teknik nuklir. Gw beruntung dapet guru fisika yg bisa menyampaikan materi dengan baik dan menarik. Lupa si mulai kelas berapa dpt intro tentang ilmu nuklir, yg jelas sejak bab itu gw lgs masukin ilmu nuklir ke salah satu opsi untuk perkuliahan. Maret 2011, tsunami di jepang, Fukushima jadi sorotan, dan niat gw sempet goyah dikit, tapi tetep mau pilih belajar teknik nuklir. Ntah knp gw ud ada keyakinan kalo energi dari nuklir bakal makin populer di masa depan, biarpun risikonya besar. Ketika tiba waktunya pendaftaran, gw diskusi sm orangtua tentang mau belajar teknik nuklir di UGM. Mereka dari awal keberatan karena denger soal nuklir fukushima itu dan sexist jg soal cewe belajar teknik. Selain itu, (dan ini salah gw jg, harusnya ga perlu bahas ini, fuck :"") gw terang2an bilang kl gw terjun ke bidang ini, ada kemungkinan gw ga bisa melahirkan anak sendiri. Itu ga masalah buat gw, tp nyokap langsung nolak. Bokap nurut sama nyokap, dan nambahin dengan bilang kalo dia keberatan utk biayain gw kuliah di luar kota (gw lahir dan besar di Jakarta). Kosan lah, biaya makan, uang jajan, uang kuliah, dan kalo kenapa2 susah utk dibantu. Mereka minta gw daftar FKUI, yg emg merupakan tujuan utama gw sejak kelas 1 SMA. Gw cukup pede sm nilai raport, tp gw tau itu ga akan cukup utk FKUI. Sementara gw yakin banget bakal lolos seandainya gw taro teknik nuklir UGM di pilihan pertama. But anyway, angkatan gw adalah angkatan pertama yg dpt kesempatan tanpa tes itu, dan gw yolo aja masukin FKUI. Dan ya tentu saja ga lolos. Gw nangis, but life must go on. Pas SNMPTN gw lolos bioteknologi Unair, tapi lagi2 ga dpt ijin dengan alasan yg sama (ga mau nanggung biaya hidup di luar kota). Lu tau gw berakhir dimana? Belajar accounting di kampus swasta. Gw ga akan bilang itu shitty. Gw lulus dengan nilai memuaskan dan kerja sbg auditor ga lama setelah sidang skripsi. Gaji gw termasuk lumayan, pengalaman kerja cukup ok, tapi gw merasa harusnya gw bisa lebih bahagia dari ini. Sejak umur 18 tahun gw pengen ngerasain tinggal di luar negeri, either sekolah atau kerja. Dan setelah bbrp tahun kerja, gw dapet beasiswa S2 utk belajar ekonomi di suatu univ di kota kecil di Italia. Ga inline banget sm studi S1, tapi yaudalah, yg penting ke luar negeri dulu. 1 bulan yg lalu gw lulus, dan skrg gw ga tau mau ngapain. Di awal studi S2, gw kepikiran utk lanjut PhD ekonomi. Belakangan berubah pikiran utk pengen kerja aja supaya bisa nabung. Jujur, gw kebanyakan main selama S2 ini dan skrg kena getahnya. Gw ga ada planning concrete utk akhir studi. Dapet kerja di luar negeri ga gampang, dapet PhD jg ga gampang. Gw ngerasa fed up utk belajar, tapi keknya chance utk dapet PhD lebi besar dibanding dapet kerja disini. Secara skill gw general banget: accounting and economics. Lulusan itu mah bejibun orang lokal. Utk magang.. sejauh ini gw blm apply terlalu banyak.. dan gw concern jg soal residence permit. Keknya sejauh ini gw ga dpt2 magang krn permit gw akan expire dalam waktu 4 bulan. Rata2 minta 6 bulan tp ogah jg utk sponsorin permit. Skrg gw lg down bgt krn ga ada titik terang utk PhD dan kerja. Untuk ngisi waktu, belakangan ini gw lagi belajar Python dari nol, ada iseng jg buka Fiverr utk coba2 freelance accounting. Tapi berhubung pikiran gw lagi kacau, dan gw hidup dari tabungan doang, susah.... banget utk fokus. Gw dreaded utk balik Indo krn uda putus hubungan sm keluarga (yea yea, need another story for this shit). Sahabat di Indo yg tau kondisi gw ud blg kalo dia bersedia pinjamin uang supaya gw bs tetep disini. Seandainya gw kekeuh ga mau pulang, Januari gw harus perpanjang permit, tapi statusnya ganti dari pelajar ke pencari kerja. Paling dikasi 1 tahun doang. Gw bersyukur banget sm sahabat itu, tp jujur gw ga mau sampe di titik yg harus pinjam uang. Gw ga tau kapan bs dpt kerja atau PhD. Waktu berjalan, mulut tetep mesti makan, rent & utilities mesti dibayar, dan kalo ga dapet2 kerja/PhD ya gmn lah mau bayar temen gw balik. Di tengah2 kekacauan pikiran ini lah rasa nyesel pas SMA itu melanda hebat. Do i enjoy accounting & economics? Not bad, but I don't love them. Rasanya gw ga terlalu passionate di bidang ini. Rasanya akan diserang kl ngomong ini, tapi kan ini post gw ya, jd ini opini dan perasaan gw: gw merasa kurang cerdas sejak pindah haluan dari science ke social science. Pas SMA gw passionate bgt soal fisika dan kimia. Dan ntah apakah skrg krn uda tua gw jadi pesimis sama semua hal di hidup gw, rasanya gw jauh lebih bahagia waktu belajar IPA. Mungkin seandainya gw kekeuh belajar teknik nuklir, gw ga akan sehilang ini soal identitas dan tujuan hidup. I don't really love what I do now, and yet I'm too afraid to change to another study. Gw kepikiran utk belajar engineering dari level bachelor, tapi semua ilmu mat, fisika dan kimia yg dulu gw fasih banget ud entah kemana.. and i don't think i can afford to study from the beginning again. Yes, i know it's all about willingness. Gw pernah ketemu civil engineer dari Syria yg kerja jadi asisten koki di Praha. Ngungsi ke sana karena perang tapi ga dapet2 kerjaan di bidangnya. Akhirnya dia belajar environmental science dari level bachelor sambil kerja part time jd asisten koki itu. Memang gw nya aja malas, pesimis dan kebanyakan "tapi...". I'm going to keep trying :"). Dan akhirnya, pesan gw ke redditor2 yg lagi di persimpangan: listen to your heart. your parents, or whoever that's trying to influence you, don't always know the best. Don't rely on them too much. You can always find a way to feed yourself. Salah satu penyesalan terbesar gw: kenapa ya waktu itu gw peduli soal nyokap keberatan gw ga bisa punya anak? Skrg setelah gw pikir lagi, toh badan dan hidup gw, dia ga ada hak utk minta cucu biologis dari gw. Soal uang kuliah, keknya ditotal2 SPP kampus swasta itu lebi besar dibanding SPP teknik nuklir dan biaya hidup di Jogja.. Fight for your obsession, fight for the things that you're passionate about before the fire lights out, please :") Btw, adakah redditor yg belajar dan/ kerja di bidang teknik nuklir? sharing pengalaman dong :")
Gak bisa dipungkiri sepanjang tahun 2020-2021 banyak orang memulai investasinya karena influence sosial media. Beruntung bagi yang memulai investasinya lebih awal dan agak celaka bagi yang mulai investasinya di akhir-akhir tanpa tau konsekuensinya. Banyak kasus orang beli saham pake pinjol. Beli BTC, Altcoin pake utangan, uang arisan, bahkan sumbangan gereja. my advice for you yang kena FOMO: Miner musiman: Ketika crypto turun drastis di Januari-Februari 2022. Segera jual alat miningmu karena kamu harus menunggu 2024 untuk bisa panen. Karena ketika kamu beli mining rig sekarang harganya sudah naik berkali-kali lipat dari harga wajarnya. Perhitungkan kembali listrik yang harus kamu keluarkan, Gak BEP istilahnya. Contoh nyata Founder Rekeningku yang boncos bertahun-tahun karena nutupin biaya listrik dan beli mining rig kemahalan, baru panen akhir2 ini. Robot trading: Royal Q , Forex dll. Robot trading is scam, jauhi sekarang sebelum terlambat. Janji manis seller Royal Q dan robot forex profit konisten itu gak ada buktinya 100% scam. Kisah nyata banyak yg bunuh diri karena tiba-tiba assetnya hilang diaveraging oleh robot. Jangan sampai kamu jadi korbannya Trader Binomo, Binary option: Kamu yang baru memulai binary option, inilah saatnya dirimu keluar dari sistem jahat Judi 2.0 mungkin diawal kamu akan merasakan profit namun lama kelamaan akan susah dan tiba-tiba akun tersuspen tanpa sebab. Jelakanya gak ada yg bisa jamin akunmu balik karena Binomo dan lainnya jelas ilegal di Indonesia sehingga penyedia layanan tidak diketahui siapa. Trader Saham musiman via signal telegram : Saham ada bull market dan bearish market, lengkapi dirimu dengan FA dan TA tambah bandarmology juga. Investing stock is about your move, bukan orang lain. Jadi pastikan semua keputusan investasi kamu yang buat bukan orang lain. Trader Crypto: Bear market is coming, we need to understand what crypto still alive for next 4 Years(next halving) DCA still the best strategy for you. We will face the second Bull Run but dont fall for it to much, cause second bull run means next winter season. note: I hope yall getting more profit and healthy. May the Force be with you
Forexsp changes their traders' behaviour by issuing Forex trading risk warnings. Commodity futures, options, CFDs, spread betting, and forex trading all involve significant leverage, which can work in both directions. Because of the high level of leverage, you should carefully consider whether commodity futures, options, CFDs, spread betting, and FX are appropriate for you given your financial condition.
There are a few leading oracles in the space: Chainlink, Binance Oracle, Pyth Network, Band Protocol, and Uniswap (time-weighted average price) TWAP oracle for the special cases.
Frequency and latency are important but come with a price.
Mixing the best of both worlds and having a multi-oracle setup can help mitigate most of the risks associated with oracles.
The most used strategy to mitigate these risks is to use primary and secondary (fallback) oracles.
TWAP oracles are a special case and have to be handled with care.
The use of a privacy-preserving oracle to bridge the gap between privacy-enabled dApps and third-party data providers may be a new trend.
ZK Proofs using oracles may be the next big thing for cross-chain communication.
INTRODUCTION
As Web3 becomes more and more popular, the industry is seeing an increase in interest from both retail users and institutions. The trustless nature of blockchain technology allows multiple parties involved in a transaction to execute with 100% guarantees for each side once conditions are met. That creates enormous opportunities for new business cases to be developed. At the time of writing, decentralized finance’s (DeFi) total value locked (TVL) is $41 billion, according to DefiLlama, https://preview.redd.it/cc7m3dir5j3a1.png?width=1348&format=png&auto=webp&s=d9dd7d6481172a3b2e5d2093a76b8403d114d657 Decentralized finance (DeFi) total value locked (TVL) (Source). Blockchain oracles have been in the Web3 space since 2015, bridging the gap between deterministic siloed blockchains and probabilistic real-world data, allowing multiple use cases on the blockchain that could not have been possible otherwise. By design dApps are supposed to be trustless, always running in the way they were designed. Oracles are a critical piece of the infrastructure ensuring that data can be trusted before it reaches the blockchain. For the smart contracts that rely on external data, execution oracles have to be fast, reliable, decentralized, and resistant to any type of attack. The purpose of this report is to dive deeper into oracles’ value, identify bottlenecks, explore innovations in the space, and provide recommendations on designing the best oracle setup to ensure optimal protocol performance with the most accurate data feeds in the shortest time.
What Is a Blockchain Oracle?
First, let’s do a quick recap on blockchain oracles. Oracles are decentralized applications that gather, validate, and deliver off-chain data to smart contracts on the blockchain. Similarly, they can do the same for delivering on-chain data to off-chain systems. Oracles are middleware connecting smart contracts on blockchains to off-chain data providers, sources and systems. Without oracles, smart contract applications would be limited to executing using only on-chain data. If an oracle is corrupted, the correctness of the result of the execution of the smart contract will be compromised, potentially causing enormous losses. Blockchain oracles are a crucial part of the ecosystem. Flash loan attacks, orchestrated oracle manipulation, and lengthy latency during extremely volatile times add up to the complexity of the infrastructure a dApp has to monitor when building its protocols.
Latency and Frequency
Latency and frequency are two key parameters that determine the performance of an oracle, and a formula can be more complex taking multiple parameters into consideration. Latency is the time taken for an off-chain data feed to be available to use for a smart contract on-chain after triggering a condition that requires off-chain data with a transaction. Latency can also be used in the context of data freshness, i.e., how old the last data feed is prior to being published on-chain. The latency formula depends on multiple factors.
Block Time, which varies for different networks. ETH’s block time is 10-15 seconds, BNB Chain’s block time is 3 seconds, and SOL’s block time (via a Wormhole bridge) is 3-5 seconds;
Deviation Threshold or Heartbeat Threshold, whichever whatever happens first. For the most common cryptocurrency pairs such as BTC, ETH, and BNB the following parameters are set:
BTC: 0.1% / 1 min
ETH: 0.1% / 1 min
BNB: 1% / 1 min
Latency depends on both the underlying blockchain and oracle settings. Frequency is how often the price is updated on a blockchain. In other words, how often the price update triggers (Deviation Threshold, Heartbeat Threshold or requester contract) publishing a new price. In a highly volatile market, the frequency of updates might be bigger because the triggering parameter such as the Deviation Threshold moves more often. The more frequent, almost real-time updates, especially during times of high volatility might contribute to network congestion if the blockchain throughput is low.
Oracle Relayers
A relayer is a general term for a third party that relays some information from one party to another. In the context of blockchain, a relayer submits a user’s transaction to the blockchain network on their behalf and pays the associated gas fee. Oracles usually operate across multiple blockchains and one option for oracle architecture to achieve cross-chain interoperability is to use a third-party relayer design to transmit data across blockchains. https://preview.redd.it/p23yl51u5j3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=da2e1dc083dce7b9a7f4db5ad6924580bae22360 Relayers in oracle design can be used to bridge reported data to other blockchains (Source). Some potential drawbacks to using relayer architecture are increased latency (users must wait for data to first be delivered to the primary blockchain, then they must wait for it to be bridged to a secondary blockchain or Layer2 network) and responsiveness, as the the relay model requires a set of highly available and incentivized third-party relayers to bridge oracle data from one chain to another.
Data Sources/Publishers
Data sources are third parties that have access to the information in real-time, and can be divided into various categories
CEXs and DEXs
OTC desks
Derivatives exchanges
Liquidity providers
Quantitative trading companies
Weather data collectors
Geolocation data collectors
Digital credential data providers
METHODOLOGY
A qualitative data collection approach has been used to further deep dive into the existing oracle landscape. A semi-structured interview for the case study was selected to gather information about oracle use by the ten largest DeFi protocols in the market accounting for hundreds of millions of TVL. All Chainlink, Binance Oracle, Pyth Network and Band Protocol documentation in service of the above-mentioned protocols has been reviewed and analyzed as a part of the case study.
DATA COLLECTION
A semi-structured interview was selected to gather information about oracle use by various DeFi protocols in the market. Participants were selected based on their TVL and trading volume. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the bottlenecks in the industry, as well as discover new options and provide recommendations on oracle use. The limitations of the case study: CTOs and lead engineers of the largest subset of DeFi protocols were selected to interview. Smaller DeFi lending and borrowing protocols and small DEXs were not included. The list of questions for the interview is provided below.
What type of project do you have?
Which data feeds do you use?
Do you use data oracles? Which oracle partner have you selected?
How do you use data feeds? How often do you request the data feed? How fast is your data feed? How many API calls do you make per month/per feed?
Why have you selected this oracle / built your own? How long have you been working with them? What do you like the most about working with your oracle? What don’t you like about it? What would you like to improve?
Have you ever experienced any problems with the oracles? How did you deal with it?
VALIDATION THROUGH CASE STUDIES
The results from the survey using keywords analysis and transcribed data provided insights on how DeFi protocols are using oracles, what the limitations and challenges are, and sheds the light on how DeFi protocols mitigate risks relative to the industry. Key Findings:
Both low frequency and latency are named as main concerns for the oracles use by two thirds of the protocol interviews. Contrary to popular belief, protocols do not need the data available immediately, but they do want it fast. A lot indicated that price deviation and heartbeat were more important than frequent price updates.
Frequency has a direct relationship with the price deviation. The more often the price is updated the less deviation there is.
Push oracle latency comes with a price: the more frequently the price is updated on a chain the higher the gas fee. Most monetization models divide the price feed fee among dApps using it. Pull oracles also come with a price tag: whichever dApp requests the data update first has to pay the gas fee. The data is free for the rest of the protocols using that update.
Oracle reliability is the second most important factor.
The majority of protocols rely on multiple oracle setup, having two on average with three being the maximum. We might see more double oracle setups in the future as a risk mitigation strategy.
Some protocols have chosen to build their TWAP oracle by adding different modifications and maintaining more control and “having skin in the game.”
ORACLE TYPES
The very first blockchain oracle was centralized and served the industry well by supplying the necessary data to the blockchain. But as the industry matured, different oracle designs emerged to solve myriad issues with the centralized model. Analysis of documentation from a variety of oracle providers indicate that their designs vary depending on multiple parameters (eth source): 1. Number of Data Sources. Oracles that are connected to multiple sources and generate the average price from different sources are called aggregated price oracles. For example, Chainlink, Binance Oracle, Pyth Network, Band Protocol are all aggregated price feed oracles as compared to Uniswap which is a single source oracle. 2. Location of Data Source. Data sources for oracles can be on-chain or off-chain. Some of the largest off-chain data providers are the largest CEXsconnected through APIs to oracles nodes where data is pulled, validated, signed, and published on-chain. The largest on-chain data sources are DEXs such as PancakeSwap for BNB chain and Uniswap for Ethereum. DEXs provide prices based on the invariant curve exchange rate for cryptocurrency pairs. 3. Centralized or Decentralized. Oracles are classified as centralized or decentralized depending on their trust model and consensus mechanism. One of the very first oracles in the space on Ethereum called Provable (formerly Oraclize) is a centralized oracle provider but now most are decentralized. . 4. Push or Pull. Oracles that automatically update cryptocurrency prices on chain are called push oracles and oracles that need an active request to update cryptocurrency prices are called pull oracles. Push oracles publish prices on-chain when triggered by one of two indicators: Deviation Threshold: If the cryptocurrency price is different from the previous price by more than 0.1% -1% (varies for different pairs) then the push oracle is activated to update the price on-chain. Heartbeat Threshold: If the cryptocurrency price doesn’t change within 1-10 minutes (depending on the parameters set) then the push oracle is activated to update the price on-chain. 5. Type of Data Source. Oracles can specialize in many types of data including cryptocurrency prices, commodities prices, FX prices, trade, weather, sports outcomes and statistics, identity, DNS lookups, and more.
TWAP ORACLES
While most of the oracles in the space are off-chain and decentralized, time-weighted average price (TWAP) oracles are different. TWAP oracles give the average price of a token for a determined period of time versus oracles that provide mean or weighted average prices aggregated from multiple data sources at a given moment. TWAP oracles are based on DEX prices and use the exchange rate of token A to token B as the price-determining factor. DEXs are the only source of truth for the price of the tokens that are not listed and traded on larger exchanges and there are no other providers available. For example, Uniswap TWAP V2. https://preview.redd.it/3lxrdy5w5j3a1.png?width=1360&format=png&auto=webp&s=db4f9ac3a7893e7815ce7a528790d77eda7f6fab The time-weighted average price (TWAP) calculation methodology supported by the Uniswap V2 automatic market maker (AMM) (Source). A TWAP oracle has several limitations. It is a lagging indicator, so if a cryptocurrency price is volatile, the TWAP will not accurately reflect the price, which results in a higher risk of under-collateralization. TWAP oracles pull their price data from a single source only, making it more likely that low-cap asset prices off of a particular DEX are not representative of the broader market price. TWAP oracles do not provide data about off-chain trading pairs and they are not a scalable solution that mirrors the design of the underlying protocols that they service. That said, TWAP oracles do have an unspoken benefit: they are the only source of price feeds for high-risk, low-cap tokens. Protocols that are built around isolated trading low cap tokens benefit from having access to a TWAP oracle but, as mentioned previously, the data in question is subject to natural (or malicious) market manipulation and must be used with caution. At the time of the writing, Uniswap TWAP oracle team was working on researching on other improvements such as Time Weight Median Price (TWMP), wide-range liquidity, and limit orders to be introduced to Uniswap TWAP v.3. https://preview.redd.it/nhgyy4hy5j3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=e2d5922fcf1e85d95996819b7d015c2914e41873 Uniswap time weighted average price (TWAP) oracle total value secured (TVS) November 2022 (Source).
ORACLES OVERVIEW
Currently, there are four major market participants in the oracle space:
Oracle
Type
Features
Key Highlights
Chainlink
Decentralized off-chain. Push and pull.
Price feeds.200+ real estate, sports, crypto prices, equities, identity, Proof of reserve. VRF RNG
1500 dApps across 15 blockchains with more than 360M price updates per month. A set of features that expands beyond standard price feeds
Binance Oracle
Decentralized off-chain. Push.
40+ crypto prices. VRF RNG planned (gas).
Ten new projects joined closed beta testnet since launch including a few largest on-chain TVL. Increased security MPC, the private keyshare to sign a transaction. Optimized for speed using white labels off-chain data sources only. Space ID integration, the largest domain name provider on BNB Chain.
Pyth Network
Decentralized off-chain. Pull.
Over 90 cryptocurrencies, equities, FX, and metal.
70+ projects are using Pyth after a few months from the mainnet. 80+ data publishers are working with Pyth Access to exclusive data feeds.
Band Protocol
Decentralized off-chain. Push.
175+ cryptocurrencies.40 FX and commodities. VRF/RNG.
Runs on its own network on Cosmos, cross-chain through Cosmos IBC relayers. Has the infrastructure to add a new symbol quickly. Can work with custom requests.
Chainlink
https://preview.redd.it/9xaerfrpxj3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=9c0ea03eba900034ee4a3e676dd8bceb39966816 Chainlink total value secured (TVS) (Source). Chainlink is one of the largest oracle solutions in the market. It was established in 2017 and has been a source of truth for over 1500 dApps across 15 blockchains. At the time of this writing, the Total Value Secured by Chainlink was approximately $9.4 billion. Chainlink is an off-chain decentralized oracle network that serves over 200 pairs on Ethereum and more than 100 pairs on the BNB chain. Chainlink data expands far outside of crypto pricing offerings and includes weather data, sports data, FX and commodities. Chainlink has additional features such as data automation, VRF/RNG, Proof of Reserve, NFT price feeds, and Cross-chain interoperability protocol. Also, dApps can access any external data through AnyAPI adaptors.
Pyth Network
https://preview.redd.it/qyxm4t5sxj3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=80771161353593dc35632f8e2b85ef89cdf1f376 Pyth Network total value secured (TVS) (Source). Pyth Network was launched in 2021 and is the first oracle to popularize the pull mechanism for price feed updates. Currently, more than 70 projects are deployed to use Pyth Network which uses its own network to make sure the underlying blockchain does not affect the reliability of the oracle and that it is always running. Pyth Network is a decentralized off-chain aggregate price oracle that publishes data off-chain 2-3 times per second for everyone to read it. That data is published on-chain only after the request for a price contract has been made. The gas fee is paid by whoever first called the price update and it is available for the rest to use cost-free once on-chain. End-users of Pyth data can elect to pay data fees to gain protection against a potential oracle failure. Pyth Network uses a weighted average aggregate price coming from multiple sources, some of them exclusive. Pyth Data Providers are fully transparent and available to read.
Binance Oracle
Binance Oracle was launched in October 2022 after being in design and production for more than nine months. Binance Oracle has implemented a few modifications to create more resilient and faster push oracles. At the time of this writing, Binance Oracle is deployed to the beta testnet and has onboarded its first customers. A few significant improvements to Binance’s oracle design were added to make the price feeds faster and more secure:
Multi-Party Computation Threshold Signature Scheme. Used by institutional custodians Binance Oracle uses the most secure cryptography for data correctness. Multiple distributed nodes participate in the data signing process, ensuring the safety of the private key.
Whitelabeled and Hand-Selected Data Providers. By highly curating data providers, Binance oracle aims to ensure the quality and consistency of data, positioning itself somewhere between Chainlink’s on-chain and off-chain providers and Pyth’s 70 off-chain sources.
Customized and Open Providers. Based on rapid development efficiency and quick development turnaround, customized data support is available upon request. Binance Oracle aims to enable more projects to use stable oracle services.
Band Protocol
https://preview.redd.it/gpi2b5ztxj3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=9bb3604b625f92127d13503dc572badaf2743ee5 Band Protocol’s total value secured (TVS) (Source). Band Protocol is a Cosmos-based oracle supporting 20 blockchains through the inter-blockchain protocol (IBC), a scalable oracle that has its own network to process all data. Band Protocol is also a decentralized off-chain aggregator oracle supporting more than 90 crypto symbols and 12 forex trading pairs. Band Protocol has built its own relayer network and is able to ensure fast cross-chain communication to publish data to the different blockchains using the IBC bridge.
Other Oracle Designs: API3
API3 is moving from the third-party oracle model to the first-party data providers directly on-chain. An off-chain first-party oracle connects data from any API to a smart contract through Airnode. DAO-governed, Airnode is Web3 middleware that connects any web API directly to any blockchain application. Airnodes are a piece of cloud service infrastructure that allow data providers to deploy their existing Web2 API onto the blockchain, creating what API3 calls a dAPI (Decentralized API). https://preview.redd.it/ehejymdwxj3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=90ffeb8667ec1fa3cc985b4b6c3e2fe20b2e8c75 Airnode Web3 middleware connects any web API directly to any blockchain application (Source). The API3 team manages the endpoints and a multi-sig mechanism is used for extra security signing transactions. API3 can also provide individual data sets for users that require full control over the curation of the data feeds they use.
Blockchain oracles have been live since 2015 – the same year that Ethereum smart contracts were introduced – and have since gone through many iterations and improvements. A few new emerging trends in oracle use have been identified both during analyzing case studies and following emerging technologies.
Privacy, ZK Proofs, and Oracles
Privacy enabling zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) are hot topics that have emerged over the course of 2021-2022, solving inherent blockchain problems like lack of confidentiality and inability to control private data. Blockchain oracles are no exception to this trend. The industry is seeking a solution to reveal and verify the truth without disclosing private information. For example, Chainlink is working on a ZKP-based oracle solution called DECO, a privacy-preserving oracle protocol developed at Cornell University and later acquired by Chainlink. Oracle nodes can prove facts about data sourced from trusted servers without revealing the data on-chain, while also proving the source of the data since the TLS chain of custody is maintained. One of DECO’s applications is a verifiable credential oracle that acts as a source of truth for biometric data and allows selective data disclosure paired with digital identity. https://preview.redd.it/00b0m3y2yj3a1.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=868d2c0539ebf9b5338b7b155af946d30d485d8e Oracle nodes can prove facts about data sourced from trusted servers without revealing the data on-chain.
ZK Cross Chain Messaging Through Oracle Relayers
For the average Web3 user the closest understanding of oracle is the bridge between Web2 real-world data and Web3 dApps. However, oracles can not only act as price or weather data feed providers but also can be used as a source of truth for inter-blockchain messaging itself. A few prospective solutions are working on a ZK proof for cross-chain messaging where oracles act as a core part of the middleware to prove and verify that the data transmitted is true and can be trusted. An oracle node generates the ZK proof for the state of the smart contract so that data can be transferred across blockchains.
Latency Is Dead, Long Live Latency
The fastest available data on-chain is necessary and widely used in the DeFi world however, DEX interviews revealed that there is no actual demand for the real-time speed of pushing price feeds – it has to be fast, but it doesn’t have to be ultra-fast. There are two different approaches to data delivery speed with respect to pull oracles:
Binance Oracle uses hand-selected decentralized data providers and has made architecture improvements (such as hot servers, master-slave architecture, and geographically proximal servers) to ensure speed when delivering data on-chain.
Pyth Network proposed the solution to solve this problem and went live with a pull oracle at the end of 2021. Chainlink followed by launching a low latency pull oracle in November 2022.
It is important to keep in mind that oracle’s minimum latency is still a blockchain’s block time to finality when transactions are finalized, which will probably remain the primary limitation to data delivery speed.
Modifications to TWAP
Some protocols developed their own implementations of TWAP oracles with added features such as using moving averages to smooth abrupt price movements. Others have built custom pools as an oracle on the AMM/DEX. TWAP oracles might see increased demand in the future if markets move towards decentralized exchanges, which may be more likely after recent market volatility in November 2022.
CONCLUSION
Oracles are critical middleware infrastructure that enable myriad use cases for the blockchain. Competition amongst legacy oracle providers has pushed them to constantly innovate, add resiliency to the oracle ecosystem, and drive adoption for their services in new and better ways. Binance Oracle’s entrance into the space introduces a new player with enhanced speed and security. While capital continues to flow to DEXs, the collapse of crypto markets in November 2022 may delay the adoption of further advances in oracle development such as verified credentials and ZK cross chain messaging. Nevertheless, oracle innovation continues to unfold, bringing ever more utility to blockchain over time.
New blockchain data proves that the UST/LUNA depeg was caused by Do kwon and LFG rather than a third party like they suggested. LFG sold 1B+ of UST for USDT. Comments || Link
"BCH's upcoming 2023 network upgrade is set to bring support for native tokens through the CashTokens proposal. CashTokens support for the CashScript SDK is still in development, but CashTokens support is available today in the v0.8.0-next.0 prerelease." Comments || Link
Code extracted from Twitter’s Web app shows a potential new ‘Twitter Coin’ and integration for crypto in Twitter’s “tipping” feature, according to researcher Jane Manchun Wong. Meanwhile, CEO Elon Musk noted, once again, that Twitter will need crypto payments. Comments || Link
Hi everyone. Did you know that you can burn your scam NFTs / tokens in Phantom wallet? They introduced the function this summer, 2022. The thing that amused me is that you actually get some SOL back for burning your scam NFT. Comments || Link
Hey, I changed my Leverage to 100:1 on my broker, but when I want to trade forex with my broker on tradingview it says that my leverage is only 20:1, does anyone know why that is?🤔
Learning how to trade the market, watching the news, immersing yourself in trading - just the preliminary preparation can take a novice trader years. And not the fact that they will be useful. Moreover - because of elementary lack of knowledge and skills at first time the trader can be accompanied by failures. And quite big ones. As a result: some people lose all their savings, others - simply give up with the excuse "it's not for me". In order to withstand all the trials at the beginning of the journey and achieve a good result, you need support. The best option is a Forex trading robot.
What is an ELM EA forex trading robot?
https://preview.redd.it/s5l7i75dz50a1.jpg?width=3696&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=4907a96b22a4d8485b22ba42991eacee8443a020 Let's start with a definition: a trading robot is a special software that is based on a set of trading signals. Such base allows the program to determine the moments in which it is necessary to sell or buy a particular currency pair. As a rule, robots are based on trend trading. This allows them to increase the chance of profit and reduce the likelihood of financial losses. Another feature of such programs is trading in a small range and at the quietest time for Forex. Important: Don't forget that the robot is only an assistant. I do not recommend to fully trust the artificial intelligence and use its functionality on a permanent basis. There are at least a hundred reliable trading robots that are often flashed in trading news. One of them is ELM EA. This software has an innovative approach to Forex market analysis and has high mathematical expectations. One of the program's pluses is its broad base of analysis. The ELM EA can analyze more than 50 ticks in a second Interesting: The robot was developed after 10 years of studying Forex and the peculiarities of trading in it. The program is constantly updated and adjusted to the current market conditions. ELM EA leaves quite a positive impression after work. A detailed review of this software can be found at elm-ea.com. Here you can also request a free copy of the robot. Below I will briefly tell you about the features of this program. General characteristics of the ELM EA trading robot The ELM EA is an automated cross-platform Forex trading robot. It is based on one trade at a time. It does not use any risky strategies and maintains the order at the level that corresponds to the set Risk settings without any adjustments depending on the results of a previous trade. Other important features of the ELM EA include: The use of both virtual TP and SL and real TP and SL visible to the broker; A smart money management system, which allows you to make a profit even if your account is only $10; There is no need in big margin for trading strategy which allows to operate on accounts with low leverage; Support of 26 currency pairs (the exact number depends on the software version: the most minimal - Optium - contains 6 currency pairs, and in the version with extended functionality - Pro - their number reaches 26). You can test the robot only in real time. The possibility of testing on the history is not available. The real-time test may take more time. But it gives the most accurate results that you can trust and use to build a complete trading system.
Advantages of using the ELM EA
The main advantage of using the ELM EA functionality is speed. The software tracks hundreds of quotes at a time. All calculations the robot makes instantly. Decisions to make trades are made in the same way. In a manual mode it is unreal to provide such speed of accurate trading. There are also a couple of other characteristics: The accuracy of signals. The algorithm of the robot carries out a deep analysis of changes in exchange rates. The system uses an algorithm of deals, which so far has no equals. The accuracy of trading signals reaches 70%. Up-to-date strategy. The developers are constantly updating the methods of market analysis. And it happens not every year, but much more often. The strategy used now is fully consistent with today's specifics of the market. Risk Control. The robot has a complete module of tools necessary for risk management during trading. There has never been a precedent in ELM EA practice for a client to find out in the morning that he had lost all the money from his account as a result of an overnight trade. If this had happened, the reviews would have appeared on the net long ago. The absence of martingale. To my mind, martingale is the most dangerous strategy. Yes, in the long run, it can make a profit and cover all the losses. But for this you need to have an account with an infinite amount. Otherwise - you can just lose all the money. In the ELM EA such an outcome is excluded because martingale is not used in the management of orders. Another big plus is the fast start. It took me only 5 minutes to start trading with this EA. However, I didn't use much of the accumulated knowledge. The entire trading process is fully automated. So, even a beginner can cope with it.
ELM EA profit: what income can I count on?
https://preview.redd.it/evjdc1khz50a1.png?width=1079&format=png&auto=webp&s=0a2444a7e3227556a6488ca20745848b53345ab3 To begin with, none of the bots will not guarantee a 100% profit. And it is logical. We do not take into account the pseudo programs that only bring profit to their developer. But in the case of the ELM EA the rates of return are quite good. Using the standard settings the user can provide a stable income of 20-25%, which is not a bad enough indicator. Especially - in a constantly changing market situation. Another advantage of the program is the possibility of personalized aggressive settings. You can adjust the system completely according to your own parameters. This will increase the monthly profit at times. But do not forget that personal settings increase the risks. If you are not ready to risk your money, I recommend using the standard settings of the algorithm. Safety of the ELM EA for a trading account One of the great advantages of the ELM EA is the high security of the account. First, all operations on the account are well protected. To start them, you must use a complex password, a special code or multi-step authentication. Secondly, the ELM EA detects price slippage and immediately shuts down trading if it is exceeded. The same procedure occurs when the set execution speed is exceeded. And thirdly, ELM EA deactivates operations after a series of losses. This minimizes the risk of the trader losing all capital. Interesting: The developers of the software openly share their accounts with investment passwords, which shows the transparency of the project and the honesty of its authors.
ELM EA is well protected from:
Possible manipulation by the broker;
Unforeseen changes on the market;
Major losses due to slippage of prices;
Trader's loss of entire deposit.
The program allows the client to set the level of possible losses. In case of its achievement the activity of the program is suspended. Thus, you can independently control how much you are ready to lose in certain conditions (remember: trading without losses is unrealistic).
Available pairs for trading in the ELM EA
In the Pro version of ELM EA 26 currency pairs are available: AUD/NZD, EUUSD, AUD/CHF, GBP/USD, USD/JPY, EUJPY, USD/CAD, AUD/USD, NZD/USD, AUD/JPY, CHF/JPY, AUD/NZD, CAD/CHF, GBP/CHF, CAD/JPY, EUAUD, EUJPY, EUCAD, EUCHF, AUD/CAD, EUGBP, GBP/AUD, GBP/CAD, GBP/JPY, NZD/CAD, NZD/JPY, NZD/CAD, NZD/CHF. All 26 currency pairs can be used simultaneously. But it's better to exclude those pairs whose difference between purchase and sale exceeds 2.5. This will increase the overall profitability of trading, while minimizing the risks for the trader. To use all 26 pairs you will need at least 1 GB of free RAM on your VPS server. This is important to consider when choosing the latter. VPS-server is a virtual independent computer which functionality is customized according to user's needs. In contrast to classical trading VPS trading is characterized by more stable trading environment and higher security of operations. It is possible thanks to its constant connection to Internet.
Brokers for trading with ELM EA
ELM EA implies the possibility of trading via any brokerage companies. The trader is not limited in the choice of a suitable broker. In this case the authors of the software themselves provide a list of companies that are most recommended. Such recommendation is fully noncommercial and independent (no affiliate links on the project's website and no hidden advertising of certain companies). Among the top brokers to trade with the ELM EA the authors of the project marked:
Alpari;
FTMO
NDDFX (Dma account);
Tickmill (Pro or VIp account);
FBS (ecn account);
Hanko trade.
The list of brokerage companies recommended for clients of this platform is periodically updated. The actual information you can find on the official website of the robot. But do not forget that the final choice depends only on your requirements and preferences. Interesting: The author of ELM EA is only interested in ensuring that the client takes advantage of his project. The broker through which he will work is not important. The selection of a brokerage company should be approached responsibly. To determine a reliable broker, you must: Check the license of the company (such information should be publicly available); Gather all possible information about the broker from open sources (study the broker's site, the reviews of the broker, the reviews of the independent platforms); Study the opportunities to enter other markets (important if you plan to work with different types of assets); Become familiar with the fees (compare the fees and costs of different subscriptions to several services and select the most appropriate for you); Evaluate the convenience of the service (although ELM EA provides the most automated trading process, but most of the management you will have to do yourself). If you are just beginning to dive into the world of trading, give preference to brokers that provide educational materials. They will help you faster understand the intricacies of trading and reduce losses, which often arise from a simple lack of the necessary knowledge and skills.
ELM EA License
All ELM EA licenses available for purchase are listed on the forum. Here you can also see the rates and purchase the appropriate tariff. Payment for license is made in cryptocurrency. Important: If you don't have a crypto wallet yet, you need to create one and buy cryptocurrency in the required amount before purchasing the robot. Also on the forum there is an exchange of information between clients of the software. At the forum you can learn the subtleties of trading with an innovative robot, ask your questions, solve problems that have arisen in the process of using the software. Communication on the forum is quite positive. Interesting: The goal of all clients of the robot is the same - to make money. Therefore ELM EA users actively help each other on the forum to achieve the desired result. Software licenses are not tied to the account numbebroker and account/owner. The only limitation is the number of trading accounts that work simultaneously. Depending on the package, the software can run on 3 or 10 accounts at the same time. Switching between them (subject to the limit on the number of simultaneous connections) is made in a few clicks. This provides maximum freedom for the trader and allows trading without significant limitations.
Is it worth trading with the ELM EA?
Finding a reliable and profitable Forex Expert Advisor is difficult. But the ELM EA is one of them. The robot significantly increases a trader's chances for high income and reduces the risk of losing the entire deposit. It is definitely possible to recommend it for use. But with the condition that a few tips are observed: Do not take the auxiliary software as a panacea for infinite profit. It's just an additional tool that can be used to increase profits and reduce risks. Be careful with the system settings. To begin with, it's better to use the basic settings. Their profitability is a bit lower. But the risks are substantially lower, too. Manual configuration of the software makes sense only after a careful study of its functionality. Improve your level in trading. If you could get a stable and constant income using robotic software, there would be many more billionaires on the planet. But the fact is, the success of trading depends only on the real knowledge and skills of the trader himself. No supporting software is able to provide stable and high profits. Another important tip - choose your broker carefully. If you can't choose, use companies recommended by the ELM EA authors. These are not some kind of advertising integrations. These are really reliable brokers with an official license and a good reputation. You can see for yourself - all the necessary information is publicly available.
Conclusion
The ELM EA is one of the most powerful trading robots suitable for MT4 and MT5 platforms that I can remember. The algorithm has a fairly well balanced strategy, clear and strict rules for making trades, a convenient management system. The only significant disadvantage of the program is its high cost. But firstly, the functionality that the trader gets fully corresponds to its price. The software is a complex product that is fully ready to work with real trading accounts. Secondly, the authors of ELM EA guarantee a return of 20-25%, which is a good enough indicator among similar programs. So it is easy to recoup your investment (if the robot is properly configured). See other reviews ELM EA ELM EA Review Free Download elm ea ELM EA Review Elm EA elm ea Review
[Swiss Ramble, Thread] Looking at the 12 years up to 2021, #MUFC £517m interest payment was nearly three times as much as the next highest club, namely #AFC with £174m. Looked at another way, it was almost as much as the rest of the Premier League combined (£536m).
Manchester United’s 2021/22 accounts cover a season when they finished 6th in the Premier League and were eliminated in the last 16 of the Champions League. Manager Ole Gunnar Solskjaer was replaced by Ralf Rangnick, since succeeded by Erik ten Hag. Some thoughts follow #MUFC https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282542508810240 MUFCpre-tax loss shot up from £24m to £150m, despite revenue rising £89m (18%) from £494m to £583m, thanks to recovery from COVID and return of fans to the stadium, plus profit on player sales increasing £15m to £22m, as expenses rose £154m (29%) after investment in the squad. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282550423744512 MUFC operational decline was exacerbated by the impact of the weakening of Sterling on non-cash finance costs, as unrealised forex losses on unhedged USD borrowings meant that net interest experienced an adverse swing of £75m from £13m recoverable prior year to £62m payable. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282557096660993 MUFC net loss after tax only increased £23m from £92m to £115m, as there was a £34m tax credit due to the recognition of deferred tax assets in respect of losses arising in the year, compared to prior year’s £68m expense, following the write-off of US deferred tax assets. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282560431345664 Main reason for#MUFCrevenue increase was match day, which rose £103m from £7m to £110m, due to return of fans to Old Trafford, while commercial was up £26m (11%) from £232m to £258m. However, broadcasting fell £40m (16%) to £215m, partly due to deferred income in prior year. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282566609539072 Investment in the squad meant #MUFC wages rose £62m (19%) from £323m to £384m and player amortisation increased £29m (24%) to £149m. Other expenses were up £41m (54%) to £118m, as stadium and Megastore re-opened, while £25m was booked for management changes. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282570338078720 MUFC are the first English club to publish accounts for 2021/22, but their £150m pre-tax loss was only surpassed by #CFC £156m in 2020/21, even though prior year figures were severely impacted by the pandemic with almost all games played behind closed doors. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282577166450689 MUFCprofit from player sales tripled from £7m to £22m, mainly sale of Dan James to#LUFCand sell-on fee from Romelu Lukaku’s transfer from Inter to#CFC**, though still not that big by Premier League standards, e.g.** #MCFC£69m,#WWFC£61m and#LCFC£44m (all 2020/21 figures). https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282584074461184 This is the third year in a row that#MUFClost money, adding up to £195m in that period (impacted by COVID). The £150m pre-tax deficit in 2021/22 was the club’s worst ever, equivalent to losing around £3m a week, and was actually the third highest loss in Premier League history. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282591892553729 MUFCresults have rarely been boosted by player sales, only averaging £13m a year over last decade. In the 5 years up to 2021, United’s £81m profit from this activity was significantly lower than rest of the Big 6:#CFC£413m,#LFC£274m,#MCFC£221m, AFC £211m and#THFC£158m https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282599291314176 MUFCincluded £24m for changes in manager (plus coaching staff): £10m for Solskjaer and £14m for Rangnick. That means that United have made £59m pay-offs since Sir Alex Ferguson retired, including £20m in 2019 for Jose Mourinho and his coaching team. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282606820184067 Excluding exceptionals, #MUFC operating loss nearly doubled from £44m to £85m, which was towards the lower end of the Premier League. Up until 2019, United had consistently reported operating profits, a rare achievement for a football club, but things have declined since then. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282614797746176 MUFC£583m revenue is currently the highest in England (most recently published accounts), though both#MCFCand#LFCare likely to overtake United when they release 2021/22 figures, as they will also include much higher match day income. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282629612015616 Until 2019#MUFCrevenue was miles ahead of other English clubs, but the gap has closed considerably since then, making a mockery of Ed Woodward’s claim that “Playing performance doesn't really have a meaningful impact on what we can do on the commercial side of the business.” https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282637597876224 In 2020/21 #MUFC dropped to 5th place in the Deloitte Money League, which ranks clubs globally in terms of revenue. This was United’s lowest ever position in Money League history, behind #MCFC, Real Madrid, Bayern Munich and Barcelona. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282645688786944 MUFC commercial income rose £26m (11%) from £232m to £258m, thanks to new sponsorship agreements and the re-opening of the Megastore, though this was still not back to previous levels, partly due to no pre-season tour. Commercial growth has basically stalled since 2016. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282653767024643 While#MUFCcommercial revenue has slowed down, the other Big Six clubs have benefited from solid growth in the last 5 years. That said,#MUFC£258m commercial income is higher than all other Premier League clubs except#MCFC£272m. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282661979299840 MUFC figures included money from lucrative £64m Chevrolet shirt sponsorship, as contract extended to December 2021, but replaced in January by TeamViewer’s much lower £47m. Still have Adidas £75m kit agreement until 2025, while Tezos £20m training kit deal is more than AON £15m. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282669822775299 MUFC broadcasting revenue fell £40m (16%) from £255m to £215m, as prior year accounts benefited from revenue deferred from 2019/20 for games played after end-June accounting close, plus there were fewer European games and a lower Premier League merit payment. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282676571340800 MUFC received £143m from Premier League central TV distribution, £8m less than prior year, due to lower merit payment after dropping from 6th to 2nd. The 2020/21 accounts were boosted by £21m revenue deferred from 2019/20 due to the extended season (COVID delays). https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282684649570304 I estimate that#MUFCreceived £68m for reaching the Champions League last 16 in 2021/22, slightly below £71m in 2020/21 (Champions League group stage £55m plus Europa League finalists £16m). That’s pretty good, but a lot lower than finalists#LFC£104m,#MCFC£96m and#CFC£80m. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282693998772224 MUFCrelatively poor performance in Europe means that they have earned “only” €321m in the last 5 years, which is not too shabby, but is over €150m less than#MCFC€479m and#CFC€478m. CFO Cliff Baty re-iterated, “This club needs to be in the Champions League.” https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282702068539392 MUFC match day income rose £104m from £7m to £111m, due to the return of fans to Old Trafford, while in 2020/21 all games except the final one were played behind closed doors. The only club likely to generate a similar amount in 2021/22 is #THFC, thanks to its new stadium. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574282710649970689 Due to their high match day income, #MUFC revenue was more impacted by COVID than any other English club, but in 2021/22 they once again benefited from the largest crowds in the Premier League with their 73,000 average attendance being far above the next highest, #AFC 60,000. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285569068339200 MUFC wage bill shot up £61m (19%) from £323m to £384m, as a result of “investment in the first team squad”, mainly the signings of Ronaldo, Varane and Sancho. That has once again taken United to the top of the English wages league, leapfrogging #MCFC £355m. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285576647446528 In fact, #MUFC £384m wage bill is comfortably the highest ever in the Premier League, despite only finishing 6th and missing out on the Champions League. If the club had enjoyed success on the pitch, then wages would have been even higher due to more bonus payments. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285584717291522 MUFC wages to turnover ratio slightly increased from 65% to 66%. This is United’s highest ever (it was as low as 45% in 2017), but it is still one of the best in the Premier League. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285592736800774 We will have to wait for another#MUFCcompany to publish its accounts before we know the highest paid director’s remuneration, but United fans will be delighted to see that Ed Woodward trousered £2.9m in 2020/21, the highest in England. He received a tidy £24m in 8 years. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285600777273344 MUFC player amortisation, the annual charge to expense transfer fees over the length of a player’s contract, rose £29m (24%) from £120m to £149m, the club’s highest ever. However, this was still lower than #CFC £162m in 2020/21. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285609040248832 MUFC other expenses surged £41m (54%) from £77m to £118m, once again the highest in the Premier League, due to the impact of staging all home games in front of a full capacity crowd and costs related to increased activity at the Old Trafford Megastore. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285618271735808 MUFC player purchases of £152m in 2021/22 were £36m higher than the prior season, when only #CFC and #MCFC spent more than United. This included the acquisitions of Jadon Sancho from Borussia Dortmund, Raphael Varane from Real Madrid and Cristiano Ronaldo from Juventus. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285626282807296 MUFC splashed out £1.5 bln on transfers in last decade with nearly £800m in last 5 years alone, so they have spent money, just not as well as fans would have liked. Since these accounts closed, paid out another £218m, mainly on Antony, Casemiro, Lisandro Martinez and Malacia. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285634335870977 In fact,#MUFC£850m gross transfer spend in the 5 years up to 2020/21 was only surpassed in England by#MCFC&#CFC(both £992m), but it’s worth emphasising that this is money that the club has generated through its operations, not provided by the Glazers. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285642359619585 MUFCnet debt was up £95m (23%) from £420m to £515m, as gross debt rose £106m from £530m to £636m, the highest since 2010, slightly offset by £10m growth in cash. Increase driven by £65m forex losses due to fall in GBP plus £40m increase in drawdown from revolving facility. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285651927011334 Even after all the refinancings,#MUFC£636m gross debt is higher than the £604m owed after the Glazers’ arrival. United’s debt is 3rd highest in the PL, but#CFC£1.5 bln was provided interest-free by their owner (written-off since then), while#THFC£854m funded a new stadium. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285661200437249 Although it has fallen from its (sizeable) peak,#MUFC£21m interest payment in 2021/22 was still the highest in the Premier League. United have now paid a staggering three-quarters of a billion pounds in interest since the Glazers’ leveraged buy-out in 2005. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285669249257472
Looking at the 12 years up to 2021, #MUFC £517m interest payment was nearly three times as much as the next highest club, namely #AFC with £174m. Looked at another way, it was almost as much as the rest of the Premier League combined (£536m).
https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285677260410880 MUFC transfer debt increased from £136m to £182m, the largest balance in the Premier League, so much of the player recruitment has been done on credit. In addition, contingent liabilities for certain events (winning trophies, appearances) are up to £112m, second highest in PL. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285685397258241 After adding back £166m non-cash items and £65m working capital movements, #MUFC had £122m operating cash flow in 2021/22, which was boosted by £30m player sales. Spent £115m on player purchases, dividends £34m, interest £21m, capex £8m and tax £5m. Funded by £39m external loans. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285693362311168 As a result, #MUFC cash balance increased by £10m (including £2m FX gain) from £111m to £121m, though this is over £180m down from the £308m peak three years ago. To quote chief executive Richard Arnold, the club has “effing burned through cash”. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285701595598848 Despite the financial challenges, #MUFC still found enough cash to pay shareholders (mainly the Glazers) a £34m dividend, including £11m deferred from 2020/21. United are the only Premier League club to pay dividends, adding up to a chunky £156m since 2016. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285709430689792
No owners in the Premier League take out more money than the Glazers with £187m leaving #MUFC since 2012 (dividends £166m, share buyback £21m). Meanwhile, others have put significant funds into their clubs, e.g. in 10 years up to 2021 #MCFC £684m, #CFC £516m and #AVFC £506m.
https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285717588541442 In contrast to the £43m paid each year in dividends & interest, #MUFC have spent very little on infrastructure, e.g. only £8m in 2021/22, and less than #LCFC & #FFC in the last decade. It is estimated that renovating Old Trafford (“a multi-year project”) would cost around £200m. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285725641613312 Despite#MUFChuge reported loss in 2021/22, they should continue to be fine with FFP, as losses are measured over a 3-year monitoring period and are offset by allowable deductions (infrastructure, academy, community & women’s football) and special dispensation for COVID impact. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285734999203840 MUFC chief executive Richard Arnold concluded, “Everyone at the club is aligned on a clear strategy to deliver sustained success on the pitch and a sustainable economic model off it, to the mutual benefit of fans, shareholders and other stakeholders.” https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285738837000192 MUFC fans will obviously be most focused on events on the pitch, hoping that the club can mount a challenge in the Premier League and return to European glories. Despite the high transfer spend, that would be easier without the financial burden of the Glazers’ ownership. https://twitter.com/SwissRamble/status/1574285741739642881
Hi Friends, after the stock market crashed in 2008, congress and the financial committee set up a system for the Federal Reserve to perform 4 rounds of liquidity stress testing per year on banks with over $10 billion in consolidated assets. The results of these 4 stress tests are then compiled into an annual report, with each bank reporting its own results and the Federal Reserve bank reporting any statistical anomalies. Results for the previous year are typically reported around April-July of the current year and guide stock behavior for earnings. About 34 banks are subject to these statistical back testing, and discussion of the results for each bank can be found below. Banks may also request the Federal Reserve to perform a CCAR test to replace the DFAST test. Banks have been known to publish BASEL III regulatory capital requirement reports annually, but those tend to be rehash of select 10Q reports and are not acceptable for determining earnings price action. In the DFAST or CCAR report, each bank is given a hypothetical leverage, amount of capital preserved during period of severe drawdown on assets, and % drawdown on assets. Regardless of the amount of capital preserved, if the hypothetical leverage decreases while the % drawdown on assets increases, the bank's stock price will tumble post earnings. Charles Schwab (NYSE:SCHW) Schwab_DFAST_Public_Disclosures_2022.pdf Anticipated leverage from Q4 2021 to Q1 2024: 6.23% to 5.48% Anticipated true leverage from Q4 2021 to Q1 2024: 15 to 18 Anticipated assets drawdown from Q4 2021 to Q1 2024: 3.36% to 4.13% *Stock will dump post earnings.
Key Take Aways
Each bank performs several rounds of midcycle statistical analysis corroborated by the Federal Reserve on how well its portfolio will perform against financial markets during prolong periods of shrinking on the economy.
The TLDR, also known as the Tier 1 Leverage Ratio, is also known as the bank's ratio of debt to assets.
Due to an accounting quirk, a bank considers things like loans and interest assets (in addition to stock and fixed income securities), while guaranteed customer deposits are considered debt.
The true leverage a bank has is 1/TLDR
Based on experiences trading currency futures (forex), cryptocurrency futures, and stock index futures, many understand that when a portfolio's true leverage increases, it increases potential returns. Risk however also increases.
The drawdown percentage is also known as a decline in value of assets held in a bank's portfolio.
A bank will have tell you what period the report is good for. It will have the anticipated change in leverage and change in assets drawdown.
You can find a bank's dfast report by googling '[bank name] [year] midcycle dfast report'
How to Apply This To Earnings
A bank will experience solid earnings price action if anticipated leverage increases and drawdown % decreases throughout the period that the dfast report is guiding.
A bank will experience muted earnings if anticipated leverage increases slightly and drawdown % decreases slightly.
A bank will also experience muted earnings if outdated dfast report is promptly addressed with brief, timely update.
A bank will forfeit any earnings gains and experience downward price action if the anticipated leverage increases and drawdown significantly increases.
A bank will also forfeit any earnings gains and experience downward price action if it refuses to publicly update on most recent dfast results.
How to benefit from this through options
Category 4 banks will finalize all earnings price action premarket on the day after earnings are released. It is best to place bets on the stock before the earnings release.
Category 4 banks include Ally Financial, American Express, BMO Financial, BNP Paribas USA, Citizens Financial Group, Inc, Discover Financial Services, Fifth Third Bancorp, HSBC North America Holdings Inc, Huntington Bancshares Incorporated, KeyCorp Inc, M&T Bank Corporation, MUFG Americas Holdings Corporation, RBC US Group Holdings LLC, Regions Financial Corporation, and Santander Bank. 2) Category 3 banks will finalize all earnings price action during market open. It is best to place bets on the stock after earnings release. Category 3 banks include Barclays US LLC, Capital One Financial Corporation, The Charles Schwab Corporation, Credit Suisse Holdings (USA), Inc, Deuschle Bank USA, The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc, TD Group US Holdings LLC, Truist Financial Corporation, UBS Americas Holding LLC, and U.S. Bancorp 3) Category 1 banks will finalize all earnings price action during noon. The stock may be trading higher from good earnings only to suddenly reverse in the middle of the day. Getting in and out of put contracts midday requires critical timing. Category 1 banks include Bank of America Corporation, The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, Citigroup Inc, The Goldman Sachs Group, JP Morgan Chase, Morgan Stanley, State Street, and Wells Fargo.
How to Trade Gold: Top Gold Trading Strategies and Tips
Gold trading strategy:
– Trading gold is much like trading forex if you use a spread-betting platform. – A gold trading strategy can include a mix of fundamental, sentiment, or technical analysis. – Advanced gold traders recognize that the yellow metal is priced in US Dollars and will account for its trend in their gold analysis.
Why trade gold and what are the main trading strategies?
Once upon a time, trading gold was difficult: you had to buy and sell the metal itself. Then came futures and options, allowing traders to take positions without actually ending up with a safe full of bars, coins or jewelry. Gold exchange-traded funds (ETFs) made it easier still; trading gold was much like trading a stock. Today, trading gold is almost no different from trading foreign exchange. If a retail investor uses a spread-betting platform it is simply a matter of buying or selling depending on whether you think that the gold price is likely to rise or fall. For some people, trading gold is attractive simply because the underlying asset is physical rather than a number in a bank account. There are a variety of strategies for trading gold ranging from studying the fundamental factors affecting supply and demand to studying current positioning of gold traders, to technical analysis and studying the gold price chart. Even for those who rely principally on the fundamentals, many experienced traders would agree that a better gold trading strategy is incorporating some components of fundamental, sentiment and technical analysis. A gold trading tip we offer is that fundamental and sentiment analysis can help you spot trends, but a study of the gold price chart and patterns can help you enter and exit specific trades.
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Trading gold vs trading forex
https://preview.redd.it/55ivivl1kw5a1.jpg?width=260&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=71b42b1439368aac854f2bb5a946829c1f46dbef Gold has traditionally been seen as a store of value, precisely because it is not subject to the whims of governments and central banks as currencies are. Gold prices are not influenced directly by either fiscal policy or monetary policy and will always be worth something – unlike a currency that can end up being almost worthless because, for example, of rampant inflation. Gold can also be used by traders as a “safe haven”, along with assets like the Japanese Yen, the Swiss Franc and the notes and bonds issued by the US Treasury. That means that when traders are worried about risk trends they will tend to buy haven assets. On the flip side, traders tend generally to sell haven assets when risk appetite grows, opting instead for stocks and other currencies with a higher interest rate. This makes gold an important hedge against inflation and a valuable asset. Note, though, that while it is possible to trade the Swiss Franc or the Japanese Yen against a variety of other currencies, gold is almost always traded against the US Dollar. Therefore, trading gold means you will need to take into account the movements of the US Dollar. For example, if the value of the US Dollar is increasing, that could drive the price of gold lower. Keep up to date with the US Dollar and key levels for gold in our gold market data page. An additional factor to take into account when learning how to trade gold includes market liquidity. The World Gold Council estimates that average daily trading volumes in gold are higher than in any currency pairs other than EURUSD, USDJPY and GBPUSD. That makes it higher, for example, than the daily trading volume in EURJPY, so spreads– the differences between buying and selling prices – are narrow, making gold relatively inexpensive to trade. Lastly, gold trading hours are nearly 24 hours per day. Gold exchanges are open almost all the time, with business moving seamlessly from London and Zurich to New York to Sydney and then to Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tokyo before Europe takes up the baton again. This means liquidity is high around the clock although, as with foreign exchange, it can be relatively quiet after the New York close, with lower volumes and therefore the possibility of volatile price movements.
How to trade gold using technical analysis
Technical traders will notice how the market condition of the gold price chart has changed over the years. Gold prices were in a sizeable trend from 2005 to 2015. Since 2015, gold prices have been trading in a defined range, changing hands between $1,000 and $1,400. We talk about matching your technical gold trading strategy to the market condition. If the market is trending, use a momentum strategy. If the gold chart is range bound, then use a low volatility or range strategy. This is a key ingredient in a gold trading strategy.
Gold Price Chart, Monthly Timeframe (July 2004 – July 2018)
https://preview.redd.it/pcl174y2kw5a1.png?width=679&format=png&auto=webp&s=e1487fcb289458a3ddcf851d5c055439ad7e6c16 Chart by IG For those who prefer to use technical analysis, the simplest way to start is by using previous highs and lows, trendlines and chart patterns. When the gold price is rising, a significant previous high above the current level will be an obvious target, as will an important previous low when the price is falling. Also in an uptrend, a line on the chart connecting previous highs will act as resistance when above the current level, while a line connecting previous higher lows will act as support – with the reverse true in a falling market. As for chart patterns, those like head-and-shoulders tops and double bottoms are relevant just as they are when trading currency pairs. For the more sophisticated technical trader, using Elliott Wave analysis, Fibonacci retracement levels, momentum indicators and other techniques can all help determine likely future moves How to trade a symmetrical triangle pattern on the gold chart
Gold trading tips for beginners and advanced gold traders
Returning to fundamental analysis, the beginner needs to consider one point in particular: is market sentiment likely to be positive or negative? If the former, then the gold price is likely to fall and if the latter it is likely to rise. This is therefore the simplest strategy to use when trading gold. For the more advanced trader, though, it is important to consider too what is likely to happen to the Dollar. In recent years, the Dollar has become increasingly regarded as a safe haven as well, which explains in part why the gold price in Dollars has remained relatively stable. Thus if you think, for example, that the geopolitical situation is going to worsen, you might consider buying gold but at the same time selling, say, the Australian Dollar against its US counterpart. An advanced trader will also want to keep an eye on the demand for gold jewelry. In India and China in particular, gold jewelry is still seen as an important long-term investment, it has its uses in industry too and central banks’ buying and selling of gold can also be important – all factors that can move the price. As for supply, advanced traders will want to keep an eye on the output figures from the main producing companies such as Barrick Gold and Newmont Mining. That said, all the rules of trading forex also apply to trading gold. Retail traders need to be careful not to over-leverage and to think about their risk management, setting targets, and stops in case something goes wrong. Our principal gold trading tips are therefore:
Consider whether the markets are in “risk on” or “risk off” mode;
Look at the likely performance of the US Dollar as well as the gold price;
Consider a mix of fundamental, sentimental, and technical analysis;
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